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Domain-wall magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic hexagonal YbFeO3 films

Electrical modulation of magnetic states in single-phase multiferroic materials, using domain-wall magnetoelectric (ME) coupling, can be enhanced substantially by controlling the population density of the ferroelectric (FE) domain walls during polarization switching. *

In the article “Domain-wall magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic hexagonal YbFeO3 films”, Xin Li, Yu Yun, Arashdeep Singh Thind, Yuewei Yin, Qiang Li, Wenbin Wang, Alpha T. N’Diaye, Corbyn Mellinger, Xuanyuan Jiang, Rohan Mishra and Xiaoshan Xu investigate the domain-wall ME coupling in multiferroic h-YbFeO3 thin films, in which the FE domain walls induce clamped antiferromagnetic (AFM) domain walls with reduced magnetization magnitude. *

Simulation according to the phenomenological theory indicates that the domain-wall ME effect is dramatically enhanced when the separation between the FE domain walls shrinks below the characteristic width of the clamped AFM domain walls during the ferroelectric switching.

Experimentally, the authors show that while the magnetization magnitude remains same for both the positive and the negative saturation polarization states, there is evidence of magnetization reduction at the coercive voltages. These results suggest that the domain-wall ME effect is viable for electrical control of magnetization. *

Magnetic domain measurement with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)/Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM):

NANOSENSORS magnetic AFM probes of the PointProbe® Plus PPP-MFMR type were used in a commercial AFM/MFM to map the topography and magnetic images. During the measurement, the magnetic force microscopy (MFM) was performed in constant height mode (single pass). The lift height is 100 nm. The resolution of the image in supplementary is 60 nm, and the scan speed is 1um/s. *

Supplementary Figure.S15 from “Domain-wall magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic hexagonal YbFeO3 films” by Xin Li et al.: (a) MFM images of h-YbFeO3(001)/ YSZ(111), which were measured in the phase-lock mode 100 nm above the surface with a 3×3 m scan area. The gray scale of the images corresponds to the frequency shift, whose full scale is 1 Hz. The arrows indicate the sequence of the applied magnetic field along the c axis of h-YbFeO3 films. (b) Surface topography of h-YbFeO3 films measured by AFM with a 75 nm full grey scale. (c) Magnetic-field dependence of the roughness of the MFM images calculated using the central part of the images in (a). (d) The distribution of magnetic domain sizes extracted from the central part of the images in (a) with reducing magnetic field. All measurements were taken at 12 K. NANOSENSORS PPP-MFMR AFM probes with magnetic coating were used.

Supplementary Figure.S15 from “Domain-wall magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic hexagonal YbFeO3 films” by Xin Li et al.:
(a) MFM images of h-YbFeO3(001)/ YSZ(111), which were measured in the phase-lock mode 100 nm above the surface with a 3×3 m scan area. The gray scale of the images corresponds to the frequency shift, whose full scale is 1 Hz. The arrows indicate the sequence of the applied magnetic field along the c axis of h-YbFeO3 films. (b) Surface topography of h-YbFeO3 films measured by AFM with a 75 nm full grey scale. (c) Magnetic-field dependence of the roughness of the MFM images calculated using the central part of the images in (a). (d) The distribution of magnetic domain sizes extracted from the central part of the images in (a) with reducing magnetic field. All measurements were taken at 12 K.

*Xin Li, Yu Yun, Arashdeep Singh Thind, Yuewei Yin, Qiang Li, Wenbin Wang, Alpha T. N’Diaye, Corbyn Mellinger, Xuanyuan Jiang, Rohan Mishra and Xiaoshan Xu
Domain-wall magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic hexagonal YbFeO3 films
Nature Scientific Reports volume 13, Article number: 1755 (2023)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28365-x

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Open Access: The article “Domain-wall magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic hexagonal YbFeO3 films” by Xin Li, Yu Yun, Arashdeep Singh Thind, Yuewei Yin, Qiang Li, Wenbin Wang, Alpha T. N’Diaye, Corbyn Mellinger, Xuanyuan Jiang, Rohan Mishra and Xiaoshan Xu is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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